Fouling of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes by biological macromolecules - probing the foulant-membrane and foulant-foulant interactions
This study investigated the fouling of pressure‐driven membranes (reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, and ultrafiltration) and osmotically‐driven forward osmosis (FO) membrane by organic macromolecules. Protein and humic acid, two types of ubiquitous identified membrane organic foulants, were chosen as...
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| Format: | Research Report |
| Language: | English |
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2010
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10356/42145 |