Cost can increase preference in starlings

We used European starlings, Sturnus vulgaris, to investigate the relationship between the cost paid to obtain food rewards and preference between stimuli associated with the resulting rewards. In no-choice trials either 16 1-m flights (high effort) or four 1-m flights (low effort) gave access to dif...

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Những tác giả chính: Kacelnik, A, Marsh, B
Định dạng: Journal article
Ngôn ngữ:English
Được phát hành: 2002