Intrahepatic fat and postprandial glycaemia increase after consumption of a diet enriched in saturated fat compared to free sugars
<p><strong>Objective:</strong> Debate continues regarding the influence of dietary fats and sugars on the risk of developing metabolic diseases, including insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We investigated the effect of two eucaloric diets, one enriche...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
American Diabetes Association
2020
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| _version_ | 1826257927272398848 |
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| author | Parry, S Mozes, D Cornfield, T Hutchinson, M Piche, M-E Hülsmeier, A Hornemann, T Dyson, P Hodson, L |
| author_facet | Parry, S Mozes, D Cornfield, T Hutchinson, M Piche, M-E Hülsmeier, A Hornemann, T Dyson, P Hodson, L |
| author_sort | Parry, S |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | <p><strong>Objective:</strong> Debate continues regarding the influence of dietary fats and sugars on the risk of developing metabolic diseases, including insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We investigated the effect of two eucaloric diets, one enriched with saturated fat (SFA), the other enriched with free sugars (SUGAR), on intrahepatic triacylglycerol (IHTAG) content, hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and whole-body postprandial metabolism in overweight males.</p>
<p><strong>Research design and methods:</strong> Sixteen overweight males were randomized to consume the SFA or SUGAR diet for 4 weeks before consuming the alternate diet after a 7-week washout period. The metabolic effects of the respective diets on IHTAG content, hepatic DNL and whole-body metabolism were investigated using imaging techniques and metabolic substrates labelled with stable-isotope tracers.</p>
<p><strong>Results:</strong> Consumption of the SFA diet significantly increased IHTAG by 39.0±10.0% (mean±SEM), whilst after the SUGAR diet IHTAG was virtually unchanged. Consumption of the SFA diet induced an exaggerated postprandial glucose and insulin response to a mixed test meal compared to SUGAR. Although whole-body fat oxidation, lipolysis and DNL were similar following the two diets, consumption of the SUGAR diet resulted in significant (p<0.05) decreases in plasma total, HDL and non-HDL cholesterol, and fasting β-hydroxybutyrate plasma concentrations.</p>
<p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Consumption of a SFA diet had a potent effect, increasing IHTAG together with exaggerating postprandial glycaemia. The SUGAR diet did not influence IHTAG, and induced minor metabolic changes. Our findings indicate that a diet enriched in SFA is more harmful to metabolic health than a diet enriched in free-sugars.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T18:25:55Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:07f6c563-a8ea-4a19-973e-832aaccc5228 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T18:25:55Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | American Diabetes Association |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:07f6c563-a8ea-4a19-973e-832aaccc52282022-03-26T09:10:26ZIntrahepatic fat and postprandial glycaemia increase after consumption of a diet enriched in saturated fat compared to free sugarsJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:07f6c563-a8ea-4a19-973e-832aaccc5228EnglishSymplectic ElementsAmerican Diabetes Association2020Parry, SMozes, DCornfield, THutchinson, MPiche, M-EHülsmeier, AHornemann, TDyson, PHodson, L<p><strong>Objective:</strong> Debate continues regarding the influence of dietary fats and sugars on the risk of developing metabolic diseases, including insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We investigated the effect of two eucaloric diets, one enriched with saturated fat (SFA), the other enriched with free sugars (SUGAR), on intrahepatic triacylglycerol (IHTAG) content, hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and whole-body postprandial metabolism in overweight males.</p> <p><strong>Research design and methods:</strong> Sixteen overweight males were randomized to consume the SFA or SUGAR diet for 4 weeks before consuming the alternate diet after a 7-week washout period. The metabolic effects of the respective diets on IHTAG content, hepatic DNL and whole-body metabolism were investigated using imaging techniques and metabolic substrates labelled with stable-isotope tracers.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Consumption of the SFA diet significantly increased IHTAG by 39.0±10.0% (mean±SEM), whilst after the SUGAR diet IHTAG was virtually unchanged. Consumption of the SFA diet induced an exaggerated postprandial glucose and insulin response to a mixed test meal compared to SUGAR. Although whole-body fat oxidation, lipolysis and DNL were similar following the two diets, consumption of the SUGAR diet resulted in significant (p<0.05) decreases in plasma total, HDL and non-HDL cholesterol, and fasting β-hydroxybutyrate plasma concentrations.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Consumption of a SFA diet had a potent effect, increasing IHTAG together with exaggerating postprandial glycaemia. The SUGAR diet did not influence IHTAG, and induced minor metabolic changes. Our findings indicate that a diet enriched in SFA is more harmful to metabolic health than a diet enriched in free-sugars.</p> |
| spellingShingle | Parry, S Mozes, D Cornfield, T Hutchinson, M Piche, M-E Hülsmeier, A Hornemann, T Dyson, P Hodson, L Intrahepatic fat and postprandial glycaemia increase after consumption of a diet enriched in saturated fat compared to free sugars |
| title | Intrahepatic fat and postprandial glycaemia increase after consumption of a diet enriched in saturated fat compared to free sugars |
| title_full | Intrahepatic fat and postprandial glycaemia increase after consumption of a diet enriched in saturated fat compared to free sugars |
| title_fullStr | Intrahepatic fat and postprandial glycaemia increase after consumption of a diet enriched in saturated fat compared to free sugars |
| title_full_unstemmed | Intrahepatic fat and postprandial glycaemia increase after consumption of a diet enriched in saturated fat compared to free sugars |
| title_short | Intrahepatic fat and postprandial glycaemia increase after consumption of a diet enriched in saturated fat compared to free sugars |
| title_sort | intrahepatic fat and postprandial glycaemia increase after consumption of a diet enriched in saturated fat compared to free sugars |
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