| 總結: | Accurate prediction of nonlinear wave loading is crucial
for designing marine and offshore structures, yet it remains
a challenging task. Prior research has primarily focused on
uni-directional extreme sea states, revealing that linear loading
cannot accurately represent the total wave forces acting on offshore wind turbine foundations, with significant contributions
from high-order harmonics. This study broadens the scope to include multi-directional and bi-directional wave interactions with
monopile offshore wind turbine foundations. We use a phasebased harmonic separation method to isolate harmonic components in the presence of complex wave scenarios. This approach
allows for the clear delineation of individual harmonics from
the total wave force by controlling the phase of incident focused
waves. Remarkably, this method shown effective even with multidirectional and bi-directional spreading. The clean separation
of individual harmonics enables the estimation of contributions
from each harmonic. Our findings are in line with previous research, showing that nonlinear loading can constitute up to 40%
of the total under certain wave conditions. We have also observed
that wider wave spreading reduces nonlinear high-order harmonics, and uni-directional waves induce the most severe nonlinear
forces. These insights emphasize the importance of accounting
for high-order nonlinear wave loading in offshore structure design.
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