Infection of lymphocytes by a virus that aborts cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity and establishes persistent infection.

For viruses to establish persistent infections in their hosts, they must possess some mechanism for evading clearance by the immune system. When inoculated into adult immunocompetent mice, wild-type lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV ARM) induces a CD8(+)-mediated cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)...

पूर्ण विवरण

ग्रंथसूची विवरण
मुख्य लेखकों: Borrow, P, Tishon, A, Oldstone, M
स्वरूप: Journal article
भाषा:English
प्रकाशित: 1991
_version_ 1826266237246636032
author Borrow, P
Tishon, A
Oldstone, M
author_facet Borrow, P
Tishon, A
Oldstone, M
author_sort Borrow, P
collection OXFORD
description For viruses to establish persistent infections in their hosts, they must possess some mechanism for evading clearance by the immune system. When inoculated into adult immunocompetent mice, wild-type lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV ARM) induces a CD8(+)-mediated cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response that clears the infection within 7-14 d (CTL+ [P-]). By contrast, variant viruses isolated from lymphoid tissues of persistently infected mice fail to induce a CTL response and are thus able to establish a persistent infection in adult mice (CTL- [P+]). This report compares the interaction of CTL+ (P-) and CTL- (P+) viruses with cells of the immune system. Both types of virus initially bind to 2-4% of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes and replicate within cells of both subsets. The replication of CTL- (P+) and CTL+ (P-) viruses in lymphocytes in vivo is similar for the first 5 d after initiating infection. Thereafter, in mice infected with CTL- (P+) variants, lymphocytes retain viral genetic information, and infectious virus can be recovered throughout the animals' lives. In contrast, when adult mice are infected with wild-type CTL+ (P-) LCMV ARM, virus is not recovered from lymphocytes for greater than 7 d after infection. A CD8(+)-mediated anti-LCMV CTL response is induced in such mice. Clearance of infected lymphocytes is produced by these LCMV-specific CTLs, as shown by their ability to lyse lymphocytes expressing LCMV determinants in vitro and the fact that depletion of CD8+ lymphocytes before infection with CTL+ (P-) viruses results in levels of infected lymphocytes similar to those found in undepleted CTL- (P+)-infected mice. Hence, CTL-mediated lysis of T lymphocytes carrying infectious virus is a critical factor determining whether virus persists or the infection is terminated.
first_indexed 2024-03-06T20:35:51Z
format Journal article
id oxford-uuid:3299aa62-89e9-4e51-8f7c-e8e399f28d23
institution University of Oxford
language English
last_indexed 2024-03-06T20:35:51Z
publishDate 1991
record_format dspace
spelling oxford-uuid:3299aa62-89e9-4e51-8f7c-e8e399f28d232022-03-26T13:15:06ZInfection of lymphocytes by a virus that aborts cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity and establishes persistent infection.Journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:3299aa62-89e9-4e51-8f7c-e8e399f28d23EnglishSymplectic Elements at Oxford1991Borrow, PTishon, AOldstone, MFor viruses to establish persistent infections in their hosts, they must possess some mechanism for evading clearance by the immune system. When inoculated into adult immunocompetent mice, wild-type lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV ARM) induces a CD8(+)-mediated cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response that clears the infection within 7-14 d (CTL+ [P-]). By contrast, variant viruses isolated from lymphoid tissues of persistently infected mice fail to induce a CTL response and are thus able to establish a persistent infection in adult mice (CTL- [P+]). This report compares the interaction of CTL+ (P-) and CTL- (P+) viruses with cells of the immune system. Both types of virus initially bind to 2-4% of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes and replicate within cells of both subsets. The replication of CTL- (P+) and CTL+ (P-) viruses in lymphocytes in vivo is similar for the first 5 d after initiating infection. Thereafter, in mice infected with CTL- (P+) variants, lymphocytes retain viral genetic information, and infectious virus can be recovered throughout the animals' lives. In contrast, when adult mice are infected with wild-type CTL+ (P-) LCMV ARM, virus is not recovered from lymphocytes for greater than 7 d after infection. A CD8(+)-mediated anti-LCMV CTL response is induced in such mice. Clearance of infected lymphocytes is produced by these LCMV-specific CTLs, as shown by their ability to lyse lymphocytes expressing LCMV determinants in vitro and the fact that depletion of CD8+ lymphocytes before infection with CTL+ (P-) viruses results in levels of infected lymphocytes similar to those found in undepleted CTL- (P+)-infected mice. Hence, CTL-mediated lysis of T lymphocytes carrying infectious virus is a critical factor determining whether virus persists or the infection is terminated.
spellingShingle Borrow, P
Tishon, A
Oldstone, M
Infection of lymphocytes by a virus that aborts cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity and establishes persistent infection.
title Infection of lymphocytes by a virus that aborts cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity and establishes persistent infection.
title_full Infection of lymphocytes by a virus that aborts cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity and establishes persistent infection.
title_fullStr Infection of lymphocytes by a virus that aborts cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity and establishes persistent infection.
title_full_unstemmed Infection of lymphocytes by a virus that aborts cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity and establishes persistent infection.
title_short Infection of lymphocytes by a virus that aborts cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity and establishes persistent infection.
title_sort infection of lymphocytes by a virus that aborts cytotoxic t lymphocyte activity and establishes persistent infection
work_keys_str_mv AT borrowp infectionoflymphocytesbyavirusthatabortscytotoxictlymphocyteactivityandestablishespersistentinfection
AT tishona infectionoflymphocytesbyavirusthatabortscytotoxictlymphocyteactivityandestablishespersistentinfection
AT oldstonem infectionoflymphocytesbyavirusthatabortscytotoxictlymphocyteactivityandestablishespersistentinfection