How many specific B cells are needed to protect against a virus?

How many specific B cells are needed to protect against a virus?

The size of the Ab repertoire has been estimated to comprise theoretically somewhere between > 10(10) and approximately 10(4) specificities, dependent on the criteria used. In an attempt to estimate the anti-viral protective Ab repertoire of the mouse the B cell and Ab-forming cell (AFC) freq...

Disgrifiad llawn

Manylion Llyfryddiaeth
Prif Awduron:	Bachmann, M, Kündig, T, Kalberer, C, Hengartner, H, Zinkernagel, R
Fformat:	Journal article
Iaith:	English
Cyhoeddwyd:	1994

Eitemau Tebyg

Formalin inactivation of vesicular stomatitis virus impairs T-cell- but not T-help-independent B-cell responses.
gan: Bachmann, M, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1993)

Protection against immunopathological consequences of a viral infection by activated but not resting cytotoxic T cells: T cell memory without "memory T cells"?
gan: Bachmann, M, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1997)

T helper cell-independent neutralizing B cell response against vesicular stomatitis virus: role of antigen patterns in B cell induction?
gan: Bachmann, M, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1995)

Fewer protective cytotoxic T-cell epitopes than T-helper-cell epitopes on vesicular stomatitis virus.
gan: Kündig, T, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1993)

Free recirculation of memory B cells versus antigen-dependent differentiation to antibody-forming cells.
gan: Bachmann, M, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1994)

T cells and memory lapses - Response
gan: Zinkernagel, R, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1997)

Nonimmunogenic tumor cells may efficiently restimulate tumor antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells.
gan: Kündig, T, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1993)

T-independent activation of B cells by vesicular stomatitis virus: no evidence for the need of a second signal.
gan: Fehr, T, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1996)

The influence of antigen organization on B cell responsiveness.
gan: Bachmann, M, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1993)

Regulation of IgG antibody titers by the amount persisting of immune-complexed antigen.
gan: Bachmann, M, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1994)

On the role of antigen in maintaining cytotoxic T-cell memory.
gan: Kündig, T, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1996)

Induction of protective cytotoxic T cells with viral proteins.
gan: Bachmann, M, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1994)

Induction of protective cytotoxic T cells with viral proteins
gan: Bachmann, M, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1994)

Immunopathology or organ-specific autoimmunity as a consequence of virus infection.
gan: Aichele, P, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1996)

Virus-induced humoral immunity: on how B cell responses are initiated.
gan: Zabel, F, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (2013)

Virus-induced humoral immunity: On how B cell responses are initiated
gan: Zabel, F, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (2013)

On T Cell Memory: Arguments for Antigen Dependence
gan: Kündig, T, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1996)

On T cell memory: arguments for antigen dependence.
gan: Kündig, T, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1996)

Virus-specific MHC-class II-restricted TCR-transgenic mice: effects on humoral and cellular immune responses after viral infection.
gan: Oxenius, A, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1998)

On immunological memory.
gan: Zinkernagel, R, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1996)

Comparison of the sensitivity of in vivo and in vitro assays for detection of antiviral cytotoxic T cell activity.
gan: Castelmur, I, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1993)

EPITOPE REPETITIVENESS AS A SELF NONSELF DISCRIMINATOR FOR B-CELLS
gan: Bachmann, M, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1995)

Immune responses in interleukin-2-deficient mice.
gan: Kündig, T, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1993)

THE NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY-RESPONSE AGAINST VESICULAR STOMATITIS-VIRUS
gan: Zinkernagel, R, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1995)

Immunization with recombinant protein: conditions for cytotoxic T cell and/or antibody induction.
gan: Bachmann, M, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1994)

"Negative vaccination" by specific CD4 T cell tolerisation enhances virus-specific protective antibody responses.
gan: Karl S Lang, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (2007-01-01)

T-cell independent IgM and enduring protective IgG antibodies induced by chimeric measles viruses.
gan: Fehr, T, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1998)

Impairment of CD4(+) T cell responses during chronic virus infection prevents neutralizing antibody responses against virus escape mutants.
gan: Ciurea, A, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (2001)

Allergen-specific immunotherapy: regulatory T cells or allergen-specific IgG?
gan: Kündig, T, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (2010)

Vesicular stomatitis virus Indiana glycoprotein as a T-cell-dependent and -independent antigen.
gan: Freer, G, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1994)

Peripheral T cells in mice lacking p56lck do not express significant antiviral effector functions.
gan: Molina, T, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1993)

Characterizing Protease Specificity: How Many Substrates Do We Need?
gan: Michael Schauperl, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (2015-01-01)

In vivo versus in vitro assays for assessment of T- and B- cell function.
gan: Bachmann, M, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1994)

How many T cells help one B cell?
gan: Waldmann, H, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1980)

A non-retroviral RNA virus persists in DNA form.
gan: Klenerman, P, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1997)

Neutralizing antiviral B cell responses.
gan: Bachmann, M, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1997)

Immunity to viruses in B cell-deficient mice: influence of antibodies on virus persistence and on T cell memory.
gan: Bründler, M, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1996)

CD4(+) T cell subsets during virus infection. Protective capacity depends on effector cytokine secretion and on migratory capability.
gan: Maloy, K, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (2000)

Immunogenicity of a viral model vaccine after different inactivation procedures.
gan: Bachmann, M, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1994)

CD40-CD40 ligand interactions are critical in T-B cooperation but not for other anti-viral CD4+ T cell functions.
gan: Oxenius, A, et al.
Cyhoeddwyd: (1996)