Design and implementation of a non-invasive real-time microwave sensor for assessing water hardness in heat exchangers

A non-invasive-monitoring of concentration and dielectric properties of calcium hardness in heat exchanger cooling water was conducted with a 2.5 GHz microwave cavity resonator designed and fabricated locally for the experiment. The principle of electric dipole moment theories were used to analyse t...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Teng, Kah Hou, Shaw, Andy, Ateeq, Muhammad, Al-Shamma'a, Ahmed, Wylie, Stephen, Kazi, Salim Newaz, Chew, Bee Teng, Kot, Patryk
Format: Article
Published: Taylor & Francis 2018
Subjects: