Appraisal of sulphonation processes to synthesize palm waste biochar catalysts for the esterification of palm fatty acid distillate
Palm waste biochar (PWB) catalysts were synthesized as bio-based catalysts using different sulphonation methods. (NH4)2SO4, ClSO3H, and H2SO4 were applied to functionalize PWB and appraise the discrepancies between the sulfonic agents, as they affect the esterification reaction in terms of fatty aci...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI
2019
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/77866/1/77866.pdf |