Development and Applications of Differential Scanning Calorimetric Methods for Physical and Chemical Analysis of Palm Oil
Fractionation is accomplished by exploiting different crystallisation point of triglyceride (TG). This theoretical basis exposes the importance of thermal behaviour of the palm oil on the success of the fractionation process as well as the use of differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) for analys...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English English |
| Published: |
1999
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/8399/1/FSMB_1999_10_A.pdf |
| Summary: | Fractionation is accomplished by exploiting different crystallisation point of
triglyceride (TG). This theoretical basis exposes the importance of thermal behaviour
of the palm oil on the success of the fractionation process as well as the use of
differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) for analysing some palm oil parameters. In
this study, new methods to determine melting point (MP), cloud point (CP), iodine
value (IV), and the composition of TG groups of palm oil were developed. The
methods were then applied for monitoring chemical transesterification.
The appropriate running conditions of DSC for analysing palm oil were
heating and cooling rate of 5°C/min, holding time of 5 minutes and sample weight of 2.3 - 18.4 mg. Regression models to calculate MP, CP, and IV of standard methods were developed. For MP, the offset temperature from the heating thermogram was
used to develop the model, while for CP and IV, the models used onset temperature
and energy, respectively, from cooling thermogram. Using similar theoretical
background as in IV, models to calculate trisaturated and triunsaturated TG
concentration were developed. Regression models were developed to calculate
trisaturated TG using energy in cooling thermogram and triunsaturated TG using
energy either in cooling or heating thermograms. The study have shown that all DSC
methods developed were more consistent than the standard AOCS methods.
Redistribution of the fatty acids was achieved through chemical
transesterification. Using response surface methodology, trisaturated TG obtained
from high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) increased 2.1 times and
triunsaturated TG increased 1.88 times from the original. Using DSC, the increase
was 2.14 times for trisaturated and 1.92 times for triunsaturated. |
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