Graphitization of gallium‐incorporated carbon nanofibers and cones: in situ and ex situ transmission electron microscopy studies
This study demonstrates graphitization directly through the amorphous carbon under the catalysis of a low-melting-point metal, gallium (Ga), by heating in a vacuum heater as well as by Joule heating during in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) operation. For the material system of the mixtu...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley–VCH Verlag
2020
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/89129/1/ABSTRACT.pdf |
| _version_ | 1796982086689619968 |
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| author | Jaisi, Balaram Paudel Sharma, Subash Elnobi, Sahar Abuelwafa, Amr Attia Yaakob, Yazid Kalita, Golap Tanemura, Masaki |
| author_facet | Jaisi, Balaram Paudel Sharma, Subash Elnobi, Sahar Abuelwafa, Amr Attia Yaakob, Yazid Kalita, Golap Tanemura, Masaki |
| author_sort | Jaisi, Balaram Paudel |
| collection | UPM |
| description | This study demonstrates graphitization directly through the amorphous carbon under the catalysis of a low-melting-point metal, gallium (Ga), by heating in a vacuum heater as well as by Joule heating during in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) operation. For the material system of the mixture of Ga nanoparticles (NPs) and amorphous carbon matrix, the graphitization temperature is determined to be about 600 °C for the first time. With increasing the temperature, evaporation and agglomeration of small Ga NPs start to occur together with the graphitization at around the places where Ga NPs would have been located at the surface region. In situ TEM experiment reveals the accelerated increase in electrical conductivity with structural change from amorphous to graphitization. Thus, the combination of the in situ and ex situ TEM observations is believed to be a lead step to understand deeper the graphitization process and provide information in nanoscale. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T10:47:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm.eprints-89129 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T10:47:10Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | Wiley–VCH Verlag |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | upm.eprints-891292021-10-07T04:06:30Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/89129/ Graphitization of gallium‐incorporated carbon nanofibers and cones: in situ and ex situ transmission electron microscopy studies Jaisi, Balaram Paudel Sharma, Subash Elnobi, Sahar Abuelwafa, Amr Attia Yaakob, Yazid Kalita, Golap Tanemura, Masaki This study demonstrates graphitization directly through the amorphous carbon under the catalysis of a low-melting-point metal, gallium (Ga), by heating in a vacuum heater as well as by Joule heating during in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) operation. For the material system of the mixture of Ga nanoparticles (NPs) and amorphous carbon matrix, the graphitization temperature is determined to be about 600 °C for the first time. With increasing the temperature, evaporation and agglomeration of small Ga NPs start to occur together with the graphitization at around the places where Ga NPs would have been located at the surface region. In situ TEM experiment reveals the accelerated increase in electrical conductivity with structural change from amorphous to graphitization. Thus, the combination of the in situ and ex situ TEM observations is believed to be a lead step to understand deeper the graphitization process and provide information in nanoscale. Wiley–VCH Verlag 2020 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/89129/1/ABSTRACT.pdf Jaisi, Balaram Paudel and Sharma, Subash and Elnobi, Sahar and Abuelwafa, Amr Attia and Yaakob, Yazid and Kalita, Golap and Tanemura, Masaki (2020) Graphitization of gallium‐incorporated carbon nanofibers and cones: in situ and ex situ transmission electron microscopy studies. Physica Status Solidi (B) - Basic Solid State Physics, 257 (12). pp. 1-5. ISSN 0370-1972; ESSN: 1521-3951 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/pssb.202000309 10.1002/pssb.202000309 |
| spellingShingle | Jaisi, Balaram Paudel Sharma, Subash Elnobi, Sahar Abuelwafa, Amr Attia Yaakob, Yazid Kalita, Golap Tanemura, Masaki Graphitization of gallium‐incorporated carbon nanofibers and cones: in situ and ex situ transmission electron microscopy studies |
| title | Graphitization of gallium‐incorporated carbon nanofibers and cones: in situ and ex situ transmission electron microscopy studies |
| title_full | Graphitization of gallium‐incorporated carbon nanofibers and cones: in situ and ex situ transmission electron microscopy studies |
| title_fullStr | Graphitization of gallium‐incorporated carbon nanofibers and cones: in situ and ex situ transmission electron microscopy studies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Graphitization of gallium‐incorporated carbon nanofibers and cones: in situ and ex situ transmission electron microscopy studies |
| title_short | Graphitization of gallium‐incorporated carbon nanofibers and cones: in situ and ex situ transmission electron microscopy studies |
| title_sort | graphitization of gallium incorporated carbon nanofibers and cones in situ and ex situ transmission electron microscopy studies |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/89129/1/ABSTRACT.pdf |
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