Comparison of the pre-emptive analgesia of low dose intravenous ketamine in combination with intravenous parecoxib versus intravenous ketamine alone on patients undergoing laparotomy under general anaesthesia
Background: Pre-emptive analgesia is important for post-operative analgesia and reducing opioids requirement and their side effects after major surgery. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of low dose IV ketamine in combination with IV parecoxib versus IV ketamine alone as pre-emptiv...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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2019
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| Online Access: | http://eprints.usm.my/60626/1/Rabiatul%20Aida%20Ramli-E.pdf |