Improved rat swarm optimizer algorithm-based MPPT under partially shaded conditions and load variation for PV systems.
Photovoltaics are exposed to partial shading conditions (PSCs). Bypass diodes are installed across series-connected PV modules to avoid the hotspot phenomena, which causes several peaks on the power curve. While a new approach has been presented to distinguish between the uniform shading conditions...
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Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
2023
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