Stability behavior of non-surfactant water-in-diesel emulsion fuel using microscopic observation
Water-in-diesel emulsion fuel (W/D) is considered to be a potential alternative fuel that can reduces nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM). W/D is normally produced with addition of surfactant to prolong its stability. However, the dependency on surfactant leads to higher production cos...
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| Format: | Conference or Workshop Item |
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EDP Sciences
2016
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| _version_ | 1796861990498467840 |
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| author | Norazni, S. A. Yahya, W. J. Ithnin, A. M. Kadir, H. A. Razak, I. F. A. Bahar, N. D. Sugeng, D. A. Ramlan, N. A. |
| author_facet | Norazni, S. A. Yahya, W. J. Ithnin, A. M. Kadir, H. A. Razak, I. F. A. Bahar, N. D. Sugeng, D. A. Ramlan, N. A. |
| author_sort | Norazni, S. A. |
| collection | ePrints |
| description | Water-in-diesel emulsion fuel (W/D) is considered to be a potential alternative fuel that can reduces nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM). W/D is normally produced with addition of surfactant to prolong its stability. However, the dependency on surfactant leads to higher production cost. A concept that can eliminate dependency on the surfactant was introduced by strong mixing concept and direct supply the non-surfactant W/D to a diesel engine. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the stability behavior of non-surfactant W/D using microscopic observation. Water and diesel fuel were mixed using a combination of high-shear mixer and an ultrasonic transducer. The amount of water injected into the system are 5% and 10% by volume, which were labelled as E5 and E10 respectively. The produced non-surfactant W/D was then placed into a petri dish for microscopic observation. The results showed that the average diameter of water droplets observed in E5 and E10 at sedimentation stage were 15.38 and 22.41 μm respectively. The stability period of E5 and E10 before it sediment were 25 and 67 seconds correspondingly. Overall, it is observed that microscopic observation is a reliable approach to determine the stability behavior of non-surfactant W/D. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-05T20:04:47Z |
| format | Conference or Workshop Item |
| id | utm.eprints-72923 |
| institution | Universiti Teknologi Malaysia - ePrints |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-05T20:04:47Z |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | EDP Sciences |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | utm.eprints-729232017-11-20T08:33:48Z http://eprints.utm.my/72923/ Stability behavior of non-surfactant water-in-diesel emulsion fuel using microscopic observation Norazni, S. A. Yahya, W. J. Ithnin, A. M. Kadir, H. A. Razak, I. F. A. Bahar, N. D. Sugeng, D. A. Ramlan, N. A. T Technology (General) Water-in-diesel emulsion fuel (W/D) is considered to be a potential alternative fuel that can reduces nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM). W/D is normally produced with addition of surfactant to prolong its stability. However, the dependency on surfactant leads to higher production cost. A concept that can eliminate dependency on the surfactant was introduced by strong mixing concept and direct supply the non-surfactant W/D to a diesel engine. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the stability behavior of non-surfactant W/D using microscopic observation. Water and diesel fuel were mixed using a combination of high-shear mixer and an ultrasonic transducer. The amount of water injected into the system are 5% and 10% by volume, which were labelled as E5 and E10 respectively. The produced non-surfactant W/D was then placed into a petri dish for microscopic observation. The results showed that the average diameter of water droplets observed in E5 and E10 at sedimentation stage were 15.38 and 22.41 μm respectively. The stability period of E5 and E10 before it sediment were 25 and 67 seconds correspondingly. Overall, it is observed that microscopic observation is a reliable approach to determine the stability behavior of non-surfactant W/D. EDP Sciences 2016 Conference or Workshop Item PeerReviewed Norazni, S. A. and Yahya, W. J. and Ithnin, A. M. and Kadir, H. A. and Razak, I. F. A. and Bahar, N. D. and Sugeng, D. A. and Ramlan, N. A. (2016) Stability behavior of non-surfactant water-in-diesel emulsion fuel using microscopic observation. In: 2nd International Conference on Automotive Innovation and Green Vehicle, AiGEV 2016, 2 August 2016 through 3 August 2016, Selangor; Malaysia. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85008440419&doi=10.1051%2fmatecconf%2f20179001059&partnerID=40&md5=20839034024587e6d0770e0dccecdde8 |
| spellingShingle | T Technology (General) Norazni, S. A. Yahya, W. J. Ithnin, A. M. Kadir, H. A. Razak, I. F. A. Bahar, N. D. Sugeng, D. A. Ramlan, N. A. Stability behavior of non-surfactant water-in-diesel emulsion fuel using microscopic observation |
| title | Stability behavior of non-surfactant water-in-diesel emulsion fuel using microscopic observation |
| title_full | Stability behavior of non-surfactant water-in-diesel emulsion fuel using microscopic observation |
| title_fullStr | Stability behavior of non-surfactant water-in-diesel emulsion fuel using microscopic observation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Stability behavior of non-surfactant water-in-diesel emulsion fuel using microscopic observation |
| title_short | Stability behavior of non-surfactant water-in-diesel emulsion fuel using microscopic observation |
| title_sort | stability behavior of non surfactant water in diesel emulsion fuel using microscopic observation |
| topic | T Technology (General) |
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