Amniotic Fluid INSL3 Measured During the Critical Time Window in Human Pregnancy Relates to Cryptorchidism, Hypospadias, and Phthalate Load: A Large Case–Control Study

Amniotic Fluid INSL3 Measured During the Critical Time Window in Human Pregnancy Relates to Cryptorchidism, Hypospadias, and Phthalate Load: A Large Case–Control Study

The period of the first to second trimester transition in human pregnancy represents a sensitive window for fetal organogenesis, particularly in regard to the development of the male reproductive system. This is a time of relative analytical inaccessibility. We have used a large national biobank of...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ravinder Anand-Ivell, Arieh Cohen, Bent Nørgaard-Pedersen, Bo A. G. Jönsson, Jens-Peter Bonde, David M. Hougaard, Christian H. Lindh, Gunnar Toft, Morten S. Lindhard, Richard Ivell
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-04-01
Series:Frontiers in Physiology
Subjects:
INSL3
amniotic fluid
fetal steroids
cryptorchidism
hypospadias
phthalate
Online Access:http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2018.00406/full

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